Blue background with white star in middle. Star features an H on each of its five points and a JH in the middle above a scale. Outside of to the right, left and below the star there are a hand, heart and profile of a face. 

This button may refer to the teaching philosophy of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. His motto was “Learning by head, hand, and heart”. He was a Swiss education and social reformer and helped improve literacy in Switzerland in the 18th century. His belief that anyone can learn and everyone has a right to an education led to education becoming more democratic in Europe. His great influence is why he is considered to be the "Father of Modern Education".

Pestalozzi's philosophy was that education should develop one's powers of head, heart and mind and that this would create individuals who knew right from wrong and became responsible citizens.

Black and white line drawing of a smiling man with a mustache on white background. Text in black. 

The Philadelphia Bulletin was a daily evening newspaper published from 1847 to 1982 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the largest circulation newspaper in Philadelphia for 76 years and was once the largest evening newspaper in the United States. It was widely known for its slogan: "In Philadelphia, nearly everybody reads The Bulletin."

Color portrait of a gray-haired man in white tie formal wear. Off-white background. I.O.F. appears in black outlined in white on bottom half. Red, white, and blue ribbon encircles the portrait. 

The International Order of Foresters was a fraternal organization established in 1874 as an offshoot of the Ancient Order of Foresters. 

Three interlocked gold chain links containing the letters F, L, T on white background. Beneath the chain is a blue eye. Black text on upper edge. 

The Independent Order of Odd Fellows was founded in Baltimore, Maryland, on April 26, 1819. The movement originated in Great Britain and was a response to the harsh conditions of the time. The Oddfellows came together under the common commitment to take care of one's fellow man and provide aid to those in need. They are also known as "The Three Link Fraternity" which stands for Friendship, Love and Truth, represented by the three gold chain links on the button. The back paper of this button was used as an advertisement for the American Pepsin Gum Co. 

This button was a give-away button from American Pepsin Gum Company. Many gum manufactures in the late 1800's used pepsin powder in their chewing gum and marketed it as a way to aid in digestion.  Pepsin was thought to settle stomach issues and help people with digestive concerns.  

White text is centered betwen two horizonta lines with additional text on the upper and bottom edges on a blue background.

Around midcentury, milk was viewed as one of humankind's most important foods. Advertisers and scientists alike had convinced the public that milk was a supremely healthy, nourishing, even life-giving substance. Its almost mystical whiteness was, for perhaps the only time in its history, matched by its hygienic purity and popular appeal. 

An article that appeared in the Tribune-Republican of Greeley, Colorado in September of 1932 explained the need for raising funds for milk for needy families. Becoming a member in the “Quart A Day” club means that a person will contribute funds to reduce the cost of milk for needy families. As a result of the Depression many unemployed families were in need of nutrients and milk was a critical source of nutrients. The Greeley nurses also explained that as the winter season approached the milk situation would become more serious. “Quart A Day” club members could finance a half-gallon or two quarts of milk for 80 or 76 cents per month. Other organizations such as the Woman’s Club would continue to support undernourished school children.


Red text centered on white background.

Categorized as "short shorts," hot pants commonly have an inseam length of 2 inches (50 mm) or less. These are short, tight shorts, usually made of cotton, nylon, or some other common material. They were popularized by fashion designer Mary Quant in London during the the mid 1960s. "Hot Pants (She Got to Use What She Got to Get What She Wants)" was also the title of a 1971 song by James Brown.

Ornate black text on white background. 

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Blue text on dark red stylized shape and red text surrounded by red and blue. 

Holy Ravioli was a classic Robin saying from the original Batman T.V. series in the 1960s. 

Gray illustration of a squirrel wearing a red jacket. Black text on top half of button. White background. 

Happy Jack's Thrift Club was the creation of conservationist and children's author, Thornton W. Burgess. In his autobiography, Burgess explains how a local committee in Massachusetts appealed to him to create a character to generate young people's interest in War Savings Stamps & Bonds. According to the Thornton W. Burgess Society, Burgess wrote over 170 books and 15,000 stories.

Blue illustration of  young girl holding a toothbrush and a completion note on white background. White text on dark blue background (top); dark blue text on white background (bottom). 

These types of buttons were often given out to children after they had a successful checkup at the dentist, much like children often receive a toy or sticker when they visit the dentist today.