Dark blue text on white background with blue outer rim. 

The Superintendent of Boston Public Schools notes in the Annual Report from 1948-1949 that "In the Boston Public Elementary Schools special attention is given to the development of good posture. Last March, for example, the second week of the month was designated as  'Good Posture Week.' This excellent innovation brought great profit to the children." 

Open book on gold background. Dark blue text centered on book and white text outlined in red above and below book. White text on dark blue rim. 

Commonly formulated as “Do unto others as you would have others do unto you” (negatively: “Do not do unto others what you would not have others do unto you”), the Golden Rule is so called because it has long been thought of inestimable worth as a first principle of morals. It can be traced back to Confucious  (551-479 B.C.E.) and the Old Testament, and the expression is often specifically used to refer to the precept in Luke: “As ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise” (6:31), as well as to that in Matthew: “All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.” (7:12) 

"Golden Rule." Encyclopedia of Ethics. London: Routledge, 2001. 

Sepia image of Theodore Roosevelt. Text in white on bottom. 

Still the youngest president in American history at the age of 43, Teddy Roosevelt entered the White House after President McKinley's untimely death on September 14th, 1901. Roosevelt's energetic, reformist, and charismatic style of leadership had been a stark contrast to the stoic, soft-spoken sensibilities of the figures who had preceded him.

"First Voters" clubs sprang up across college campuses throughout the first half of 1904 to help ensure Roosevelt's success on election day later that year. TR won in a landslide victory, thanks in large part to the strong, vocal support of young men across campuses and elsewhere.

In November 1902, Roosevelt refused to shoot a bear that had been run down by dogs and lassoed. A cartoon by Clifford Berryman made the incident instantly famous, and Roosevelt was dubbed "Teddy Bear."

Illustration of Lon Chaney as Phantom of the Opera on yellow circle. Black text on red border with blue outer rim. 

Buttons were produced for the magazine Famous Monsters of Filmland featuring the Phantom of the Opera, as played by Lon Chaney Sr. in 1925. Famous Monsters of Filmland was thought to be a one-off publication in 1958 because monsters were so ubiquitous in film at the time, but it became so popular that it still continues today. The band The Misfits was particularly inspired by this magazine, as is Billy Bob Thorton.

Dark blue text on off-white background. Ornate decorative floral border in shades of pink, green, yellow, and orange. 

Debating societies were once a common fixture of American universities, and served as social organizations and precursors to today's fraternities. 

Black and white illustration of a man on white background. Light blue outer rim with white text. 

The Don’t Worry Club was a religious and social movement in the late nineteenth century, founded by Theodore Frelinghuysen Seward.  Seward began the movement on the assumption that worry was the greatest threat to happy home life.  Founded on very Victorian principles, the movement focused on female “affections and intuitions” as a means to throw off the dogmas of the Christian faith and reach “spiritual emancipation.”

The idea of positive thought is something that grew exponentially throughout the turn of the 19th/20th century or what is called the 'Progressive Era'. Positive thought was even used in marketing, as seen in C.W Post's The Road to Wellville - A promotional booklet for Grape-Nuts and Postum. As a whole the positive thought movement was popular among Seventh Day Adventists who often advised positive thought to help with illness. Dyspepsia, now known as indigestion, had no true cure during the Progressive Era and many believed that dietary changes coupled with positive thought would cure dyspepsia and many other illnesses.

The Don’t Worry Movement. (1898, February 27). The New York Times, p. 14.

Three horizontal bands of color with text. White on red (top), blue on white (middle), white on blue (bottom). 

The National Council of Teachers of English created a “Committee on American Speech” in 1915 for the purpose of getting Americans interested in preserving “proper” speech. They wrote letters to get endorsement for the Speech Movement, created leaflets of information and wrote articles for newspapers and magazines to promote their cause.

American Speech Week was intended to make Americans aware of and to support the need for improving one’s speaking voice and to raise the standard of speech usage in day to day life. It was originally held November 2-8, 1919 and then again in 1921.

Grace Williamson Willett was a member of the Chicago Woman’s Club and was one of many who created a pledge to encourage participation.

Illustration of anthropomorphic teeth conducting dental exam in white and green on white background. Text in white on green. 

These buttons were often given to children after they visited the dentist and received a clean bill of health.

Red, white and blue illustration of a clown appears on blue background. Text in white on red smile of clown. 

This pin was part of a membership kit for the Comic Weekly Club produced by Whitman Publishing. The kit would have included a membership card and 8-page booklet with comics and activities. 

Dark green marbleized text on gold glitter background. Dark green marbleized outer rim. 

The American Child Heath Association (ACHA), or the Child Hygiene League, was an important children's welfare organization throughout the 1920s and early 1930s. Established in 1923, the organization attempted to ameliorate the dismal health conditions found in many of the nations' larger cities. ACHA projects included the improvement of infant mortality statistics, attempts to improve the safety of the nation's milk supply, campaigns to bring child healthcare to rural areas, and numerous attempts to end child labor. The organization not only succeeded in bringing renewed national attention to child labor, but it also helped spur the development of public health care systems throughout many states.