59 Cents

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Text on Button 59 ¢
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White text on a green background

Curl Text [union bugs]
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Founded in 1966, the National Organization for Women (NOW) is the largest feminist organization in the United States. In 1972, NOW began a campaign in support of the ERA (Equal Rights Amendment), which, if passed, would constitutionally prohibit discrimination based on sex in the United States. The legislation included a seven-year deadline, which Congress extended until 1982 due to activist support. The deadline passed when the act was three states short of the 38 required for ratification in the Constitution. The “59 ¢” seen on this button refers to the gender pay gap: in 1963, when the Equal Pay Act was signed into law, women made on average 59 cents for every dollar made by their male counterparts.

In January 2020, the ERA reached the required 38 state ratifications. However, it is still not enshrined in the constitution. NOW continues to create similar green buttons, using the color of money to recognize the economic importance of the ERA. 

Sources

1980.38.4 (political pin, political button). 1980.38.4 (Political Pin, Political Button) | UNI Museum @ Rod Library. (n.d.). https://museum.library.uni.edu/objects/1980384

Dickson, A. (2024, May 14). The pathway to recognizing the Equal Rights Amendment. Ms. Magazine. https://msmagazine.com/2024/02/20/equal-rights-amendment-era-2024/

The Equal Rights Amendment explained. Brennan Center for Justice. (2019, October 9). https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/equal-rights-am…

The Equal Rights Amendment: National Organization for Women. National Organization for Women -. (n.d.). https://now.org/now-and-the-equal-rights-amendment/

Estep, S. (2023, June 7). What to know about the gender wage gap as the equal pay act turns 60. Center for American Progress. https://www.americanprogress.org/article/what-to-know-about-the-gender-…

Who we are: National Organization for Women. National Organization for Women. (2016, July 20). https://now.org/about/who-we-are/

Catalog ID IB0637

Arch Moore West Virigina

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Text on Button Moore
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White shield on a blue background with blue text on the shield

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Arch Alfred Moore Jr. was born in Moundsville, West Virginia on April 16, 1923. A Republican, he began his political career as a state legislator in 1952. In 1956, he won the first of six consecutive terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. In 1968 he ran for, and was elected, governor of West Virginia, serving two terms. In the gubernatorial election of 1972, his Democratic opponent was John Davison “Jay” Rockefeller IV, great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, the co-founder of Standard Oil. Though term limits prevented him from running for a third consecutive term, Moore ran once again and was appointed to a third term in 1984. He was defeated in 1988, while seeking a fourth term. However, he is the only person to serve three terms as governor of West Virginia.   

His governorship was characterized by road building, investments in public education, welfare, and mental health. Nevertheless, Moore’s tenure also engendered criticism and corruption charges. In 1990, Moore was found guilty on federal charges of mail fraud, tax fraud, extortion, and obstruction of justice. He served three years and was released in 1993. Arch Moore died on January 7, 2015. 

Sources

About Arch Alfred Moore Jr. (n.d.). West Virginia & Regional History Center, West Virginia University. Retrieved September September 5, 2024, from https://www.nga.org/governor/arch-a-moore/ 

John D. Rockefeller 4th Enters West Virginia's Governor Race (1972, January 7). New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/25/archives/john-d-rockefeller-4th-enters-west-virginias-governor-race.html 

The Media Stash. (2023, October 30). Arch Moore Re-Election for Governor Commercials (circa 1972) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wPiZX9hSB0&t=196s 

Catalog ID PO1252

Palmer Method Primary Writing

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Text on Button PALMER METHOD PRIMARY WRITING
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A grey star on a white background. White text appears on blue rim.

Back Paper / Back Info

THE PALMER MERIT BUTTON
THE WINNER HAS SATISFACTORILY MASTERED THE FIRST 25 DRILLS IN
The Palmer Method Manual 
The A.N. Palmer Company
New York - Chicago - Portland, Ore. - Cedar Rapids, Iowa

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The Palmer Method is a handwriting method developed by Austin Norman Palmer. Palmer published a work, The Palmer Method of Business Writing, detailing the method in 1900. A defining characteristic of the technique is the insistence on the use of the arm when writing instead of the fingers. As opposed to the popular use of copy-book handwriting instruction, the Palmer Method positioned itself as a guide on penmanship, as well as writing mechanics. As of 2023, the Palmer Method website offers a free downloadable PDF of a digitized copy of The Palmer Method of Business Writing from 1915. 

 

Sources

The Palmer Method. (2021, March 11). Learn the Palmer Method of business writing. ThePalmerMethod.com. https://thepalmermethod.com/ 

Catalog ID AD1079

The Brady Brunch Peter

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Text on Button The Brady Bunch ™
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A photo of Peter from The Brady Bunch on a blue background. Red text appears above Peter's head.

Curl Text ™ & © 1993 Par. Pic. BUTTON EXCHANGE LTD PART OF O.S.P. PUB, INC GROUP ROCHESTER, MI 48307
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The Brady Bunch was an American sitcom which ran from 1969 to 1974. The series follows the blended Brady family as they learn to live under the same roof. The show remains both a pop cultural icon and a site of constant ridicule in its depiction of the American family.

Peter Brady is the middle Brady boy. He is known for his changeable nature, letting experiences build him up or knock him down easily. He is clumsy and impulsive, enjoys joking with his brothers and sisters, and is very protective of the youngest Brady, Cindy.  

Sources

“Peter Brady.” The Brady Bunch Wiki, bradybunch.fandom.com/wiki/Peter_Brady. Accessed 5 Nov. 2023.

Catalog ID EN0656

Mary Lou Gund Product

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Text on Button MARY LOU A GUND PRODUCT
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Illustration of a Mary Lou doll's face on a white background with a blue rim. White text appears on the rim. 

Curl Text BENJ HARRIS CO. INC NEW YORK, NY - MADE IN U S A
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Gund is an American maker of plush toys, established in 1898 by Adolph Gund. The Mary Lou doll was a toy sold by Gund in the mid 20th century. As of 2023, Gund continues to sell toys representing a variety of franchises, including Sesame Street and Hello Kitty, among others. 

Sources

David Williams Company. (1940). Hardware Age, Volume 146, Issues 1-6 (Vol. 146). https://books.google.com/books?id=UI4TAQAAMAAJ&lpg=PA444&ots=FDM51o9LUE&dq=mary%20lou%20doll%20gund&pg=PA444#v=onepage&q=mary%20lou%20doll%20gund&f=false 

Gund. (n.d.-a). Characters. Gund. https://gund.com/collections/characters 

Gund. (n.d.). History. Gund. https://gund.com/pages/history 

Catalog ID AD1078

The Brady Brunch Jan

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Text on Button The Brady Bunch ™
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Photograph of Jan with red text to her left. The rim is purple and is decorated with orange, pink, and green swirls.

Curl Text ™ & © 1993 Par. Pic. BUTTON EXCHANGE LTD PART OF O.S.P. PUB, INC GROUP ROCHESTER, MI 48302
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The Brady Bunch was an American sitcom which ran from 1969 to 1974. The series follows the blended Brady family as they learn to live under the same roof. The show remains both a pop cultural icon and a site of constant ridicule in its depiction of the American family.

Jan Brady is the middle Brady daughter. She is portrayed by Eve Plumb. She is most remembered for her quintessential middle child antics, including her well-known line, “Marcia, Marcia, Marcia,” in which she bemoans the attention her older sister receives. 

Sources

Editors, History com. ““The Brady Bunch” Premieres.” HISTORY, www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-brady-bunch-premieres.

Catalog ID EN0655

Marc Smith as Dr. Spray

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Text on Button MARC SMITH as DR. SPRAY
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Black text on a white background with a black and white illustration of a man contorting his face.

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Marc Smith, born in Chicago in 1940, is a poet, creator of the poetry slam, and founder of the International Poetry Slam Movement. Smith devised the plan to put on poetry performances as a way to make poetry more interesting. He believed that schools did not do poetry justice and was the reason poetry repelled people. He began the movement as an “Up Yours” to establishment poets as he considered them snooty and boring. Smith hosted his first poetry slam at the Get Me High Lounge in 1986. In 1987, Smith found a permanent home for his poetry slam events at the Green Mill Tavern. Since then, Smith has performed in nightclubs, concert halls, libraries, universities, the Kennedy Center, the Smithsonian Institute, and many other venues around the world.

In one of his shows, Smith put on a performance dressed as Dr. John C. Spray. In this one-man show, Smith dressed as the eccentric turn-of the century coroner, “alienist”, and, at one time, an asylum superintendent. In the show, Smith performed monologues which focused on Dr. Spray’s macabre side. Smith’s monologues told the stories of Dr. Spray’s time as the Cook County Coroner. This show was performed in the 1990s.

An interesting fact about Dr. Spray is that he belonged to the Whitechapel Club. The Whitechapel Club was formed in 1889 by newspapermen who named Jack the Ripper the club president. Inside the club, one would find many macabre items including skulls, weapons, bloodied clothes, and debris from the Chicago fire. Dr. Spray supplied the skulls, which were turned into gas lamps and goblets. 

 

Sources

Helbig, J. (2021, August 20). Doctor death. Chicago Reader. https://chicagoreader.com/arts-culture/doctor-death/ 

Mason, J. (n.d.). Whitechapel club Torches Corpse. Steampunk Chicago RSS. https://steampunkchicago.com/articles/whitechapel-club-torches-corpse/&…;

Multiple, Inc. (n.d.). Marc Smith: Poetry slam movement. Cusp Conference. https://www.cuspconference.com/presenters/marc-smith/ 

 

 

Catalog ID EV0967

Hello Bill Handshake

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Text on Button HELLO BILL
Image Description

White background with black text with an illustration of a man stretching his hand out for a handshake.

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Rube Goldberg (1883-1970) was an American cartoonist and inventor who is best known for his cartoon depictions of impossibly complicated machines to accomplish simple mundane tasks. Goldberg is the only person ever to be listed in the Merriam-Webster dictionary as an adjective.

Goldberg was a founding member and first president of the National Cartoonists Society, whose Reuben Award for cartoonist of the year is named after him. He received a Pulitzer Prize for his political cartooning in 1948, and in 1995 was honored with a commemorative stamp as part of the "Comic Strip Classics" series from the U.S. Postal Service.

Sources

Rube Goldberg Institute (n.d.). About Rube Goldberg. Retrieved February 6, 2024 from https://www.rubegoldberg.org/all-about-rube/a-cultural-icon/

National Cartoonists Society (n.d.). History of the NCS. Retrieved February 6, 2024 from https://nationalcartoonists.com/about/

Catalog ID AD1077

Kitty and Lockheed

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Text on Button KITTY™ & LOCKHEED™ Series A #6
Image Description

An illustration of Kitty and Lockheed from X-Men on a white background.

Curl Text Character and Artwork Trademark ™and Copyright © 1984 Marvel Comics Group All Rights Reserved Manufactured by Mile High Comics, Inc.
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Katherine "Kitty" Anne Pryde is a Jewish mutant superhero who is also known as Shadowcat in the Marvel comic series X-Men. At the age of 13 years old, Kitty enrolled in Xavier’s School for Gifted Youngsters after experiencing headaches which were a result of mutant powers emerging; she became the youngest member to join the ranks of the X-men. Kitty possesses the ability to pass through solid matter. While being attacked by the Brood, Kitty met the small dragon Lockheed, who she kept as a pet. 

Sources

Marvel Fandom. (n.d.). Katherine Pryde (Earth-616). Marvel Fandom. Retrieved from https://marvel.fandom.com/wiki/Katherine_Pryde_(Earth-616)

Catalog ID EN0654