Voting Delegate 1949

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Text on Button VOTING DELEGATE 1949
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Gold text on blue background

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THE WHITEHEAD & HOAG CO.
BUTTONS, BADGES, NOVELTIES AND SIGNS
NEWARK N.J.
Union Bug

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In the United States, delegates are the individuals chosen by each major political party to vote for party's nominee at their respective Conventions. Generally, delegates are selected to account for proportional representation (by county in a state convention, or by state in a national convention) and are expected to cast their vote for whatever candidate the voters they represent have chosen, as opposed to the candidate they prefer. A minority of delegates, known as unbound or superdelegates, are in some cases allowed to cast their votes independently.

The most important election to be held in 1949 was the special Senate election in New York.

Catalog ID PO1190

Registered to Vote Academy of Medicine

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Text on Button I'M REGISTERED TO VOTE, ARE YOU? THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
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Red text on white background 

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The National Academy of Medicine represents one of three academies that make up the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The Academy of Medicine was created in 1970 and advises the country on health, science and technology issues. The committees are comprised of leading experts in the field who volunteer their services without pay.

In the election process, voter registration is a type of enrollment that allows an eligible person to be able to cast a vote towards their chosen candidate. In the United States, voting is an optional task, although considered a civic duty and privilege. In other countries like Australia, voting is compulsory or mandatory for all eligible citizens. Voting and elections are a process that is included on many levels from electing a President on the federal level, to electing a board member on the local level. It is unclear which type of election this artifact is referring to.

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Catalog ID CA0863

CIR It's Your Union

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Text on Button CIR IT'S YOUR UNION, DOCTOR
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Blue text on white background. Blue union logo in the center, small blue union bug bottom.

Curl Text Joy Products N.Y N.Y.
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The Committee of Interns and Residents (CIR) is an organization that empowers interns, residents, and fellows from all member hospitals to strive for healthcare excellence through organizing, collective bargaining, and advocacy. It is the United State’s largest housestaff union with over 18,000 housestaff. In 1957, interns and residents in New York City’s public hospitals founded CIR. By 1969-70, members in the private sectors began to organize and join CIR. CIR has successfully advocated through the 1990s, including winning pay for housestaff covering for absent colleagues and helping set maximum work hour limits for New York housestaff. CIR also collaborates with teaching hospitals to improve projects that increase the value of care provided to patients.

Sources

Committee of Interns and Residents. (n.d.). Retrieved July 7, 2021, from https://www.cirseiu.org/

Committee of Interns and Residents. (n.d.). Our history. Retrieved July 7, 2021, from https://www.cirseiu.org/our-history-2/

Committee of Interns and Residents. (n.d.). Who we are. Retrieved July 7, 2021, from https://www.cirseiu.org/who-we-are/

Catalog ID CL0647

Celeste.

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Text on Button Celeste.
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Underlined blue text on a white background. Small union bug bottom center. 

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Richard Celeste was the Democratic governor of Ohio from 1983 to 1991. During his time in office, Celeste raised the state income tax by 90% to provide more funding for education, welfare, and health services, for which Ohio ranked near last in funding at the time. At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Celeste—along with another former Ohio governor, Bob Taft—was appointed as the head of a task force for expanding COVID-19 testing in Ohio.

Sources

Richard F. Celeste. (n.d.). Ohio History Central. Retrieved July 15, 2022, from https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Richard_F._Celeste


Richardson, S. A. (2020, April 21). Former Ohio Govs. Dick Celeste and Bob Taft will head coronavirus testing task force. Cleveland.Com. https://www.cleveland.com/open/2020/04/former-ohio-govs-dick-celeste-an…
 

Catalog ID PO1189

Nixon

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Text on Button nixon
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Red lowercase text centered on navy background with thin cream border.

Curl Text Union bug
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Richard Milhous Nixon served as Dwight D. Eisenhower’s Republican Vice President from 1953-1961. Nixon ran for president in 1960, but lost to Democratic opponent John F. Kennedy. In 1968, Nixon defeated incumbent Hubert Humphrey to become the 37th Republican President to serve the United States. In 1972, shortly into his second presidential term, people in his administration broke into the Democratic National Committee headquarters located in the Watergate Office building and illegally tapped the telephone lines and took documents belonging to the Democratic party in order to secure Nixon's re-election. This act was discovered, exposing corruption in the Republican office that led to the President, and the trial for these crimes was shown on national television. Following the Watergate scandal, Nixon resigned from the office to avoid being impeached.

Sources

Garcia-Buckalew, B. (2021). The Backstory: President Nixon resigned 47 years ago this week. Retrieved 11 November 2021, from https://www.kvue.com/article/news/politics/the-backstory-president-nixo…

Perry, J. (2018). Watergate Case Study. Retrieved 11 November 2021, from http://www.columbia.edu/itc/journalism/j6075/edit/readings/watergate.ht…

Catalog ID PO1188

Red Star on Black

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Red star in center on a back blackground

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The red star has been among the most widely used symbols throughout history, appearing on medieval coats of arms and modern flags. However, it is most strongly associated with communism and socialism, and in tandem with the hammer and sickle has become a powerful symbol to these ideologies. Originating from the Bolshevik Revolution and the Russian Civil War, the red star is thought to represent the five fingers of a worker’s hand, as well as the five continents, which emphasized communism’s worldwide appeal. Despite the collapse of the USSR, the red star remains a ubiquitous symbol on the coats of arms and flags of former socialist entities. 

The black flag has been historically associated with anarchism since the late 19th century. This black represents the rejection of all flags, and thus the rejection of nationhood. A red star over a black background emphasizes the shared tenets and ancestry between the two ideologies. For example, this combination is seen on the flag of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation, a far left anarcho-socialist militant group in Mexico.

Sources

Red star. (2022, December 9). In Wikimedia. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Red_star

Red star. (2023, January 28). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_star#:~:text=A%20red%20star%2C%20five%...

Anarchist symbolism (2023, January 27). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchist_symbolism

Catalog ID AR0470

People for Peterson Join Us

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Text on Button people for · peterson · join us
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Center of button is gold with white lowercase text reading "join us" surrounded by blue band with white lowercase text reading "people for" curving above the center and "peterson" in white lowercase text curving below the center.

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Russell W. Peterson served as the Governor of Delaware from 1969-1972, defeating incumbent Governor Charles L. Terry, Jr. in the 1968 gubernatorial election. Peterson was a notable environmentalist and the first person to appoint a person of color to the Board of Trustees at the University of Delaware. 

Sources

“People for Peterson, join us” campaign button,1968. Retrieved 28 November 2021, from https://exhibitions.lib.udel.edu/1968/exhibition-item/people-for-peterso...

Russell W. Peterson. Retrieved 28 November 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_W._Peterson

Catalog ID PO1187

Health Care for People Not for Profit

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Text on Button HEALTH CARE FOR PEOPLE NOT FOR PROFIT
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On a white background black uppercase text reading "Health Care" curves along top with black uppercase text reading "For People Not For Profit" is centered on the button.

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Many hospitals in the United States are run by corporations who provide a healthcare service and charge the customers. In this situation, the total due from the customer largely depends on what level of health insurance the customer has and how much the insurance is willing to cover towards the bill. These are considered For-Profit hospitals because the hospital is charging someone a fee for a medical service, including life-saving services or natural services like birthing a child.

Non-Profit Health Care establishments, those which do not charge customers or patients, are primarily funded by donors or the community, such as charity, religion or research/educational agencies. Under this type of health care, they receive tax exemptions for the services they provide to their communities. These types of non-profits receive assets that belong to the community and do not belong to investors as do in For-Profit health care establishments. A well-known example is the Veterans Association hospital, which does not charge veteran patients for their medical bills.

Sources

Non-profit hospital - Wikipedia. (2021). Retrieved 11 November 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-profit_hospital

What it Means to be a Not-for-Profit. (2021). Retrieved 11 November 2021, from https://www.medstarhealth.org/mhs/about-medstar/what-it-means-to-be-a-n…

Catalog ID CA0862

Breckenridge Ski and Ride School

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Text on Button I Rode the Lift!!! RIPPEROO Breckenridge SKI & RIDE School
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Illustration of Breckenridge Resort's mascot Ripperoo riding a ski lift. Ripperoo is an anthropomorphic dog wearing a red sweater, blue pants, blue helmet, and yellow ski boots with skis. The illustration is on a blue background with white and green mountains at the bottom. There is red text as well as the resort's logo featuring blue and black text on a white background. 

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Breckenridge ski and snowboard school is a resort located in Colorado, USA with additional locations where children and adults new to skiing and snowboarding can take lessons to learn the sport. The resort has a lift, equipment, and multiple instructors to help guest have a memorable user experience. The ski resort evolved through stages of planning until finally opening to the public in 1961.

Sources

Breckenridge Ski & Snowboard School | Breckenridge Resort. (n.d.). Retrieved October 8, 2022, from https://www.breckenridge.com/plan-your-trip/ski-and-ride-lessons.aspx

Breckenridge. (2019, December 20). Breckenridge Ski Resort History | Breckenridge, Colorado. GoBreck. Retrieved October 8, 2022, from https://gobreck.com/experience-breckenridge/breckenridge-ski-resort/bre…

Catalog ID CL0646