White text on black bar inside of blue, white, and red circles outlined in black over white background. Plastic molded backing.

Interlocking red, white, and blue circles is the 1990s era logo for Cuban sporting goods manufacturer Batos, the Cuban sport industry brand. Established in 1965, Batos produces baseball gear, boxing equipment, and games, such as chess, checkers, and dominoes. The company also makes sporting equipment for children and supplies all uniforms for the island's baseball teams. Sports are very popular in Cuba; Baseball is considered a national pastime. INDER, the National Institute of Sport, Physical Education, and Recreation, coordinate all sports programs. They promote fitness and recruit promising young athletes into sports-oriented secondary schools. There are 27 schools, each specializing in a different sport. Over the decades, many Olympians have come from the INDER schools of Cuba.

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Black text over image of rainbow and pot of gold on white background.

Farmer Smith’s Rainbow Club was founded in 1915 by Farmer Smith, a newspaper editor at the Public Ledger in Philadelphia, PA. The club started around Thanksgiving in 1915 and within 4 months, boasted over 45,000 children within the club. Anyone with the heart of a child could join. All one needed to do, whether they were nine or ninety, was to sign a slip which was printed in every edition of the Evening Ledger which read, “I agree to do a little kindness each and every day—spread a little sunshine along the way.” After submitting this form, the new club members then received a button with a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow which was pinned to a card written in red ink and bearing the phrase, “a kiss from me, to-day,” which made them a full member. Farmer Smith shared the message that, “there is only one side to the rainbow, that is the bright side,” and others believed his optimism would be a reason for the club’s expansion and success.

The Rainbow Club was a huge success not only in the number of participants, but also in that in brought in the Ledger thousands more subscriptions. From a marketing standpoint, this was a very successful advertising campaign. The column was featured in other newspapers, including, “The News” newspaper in Cleveland, Ohio that was put out on Sundays. The News was put on by Ben Field who had a Farmer Smith Rainbow Club column. This column invited children to write their ideas on the topic that changed each week.

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Our Gang, also known as The Little Rascals, was a comedy series about a group of young kids getting into humorous situations of everyday life. Jackie Cooper starred in this show from 1929-1931. Every few years, the show would change a few of its characters as stars began to get older. Cooper was liked for his engaging personality and portrayal of a wide array of emotions. Cooper's gang was well-liked by critics and fans.

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Red Rascal Toys was a division of George K. Garrett Company of Philadelphia in the 1940's. The red elf was the mascot for Red Rascal and appeared in print ads. Red Rascal is best known for manufacture of children's ball bearing roller skates and claimed to be the "fastest selling line of its kind."

George K. Garrett manufactured a variety of products across industries appearing as early as 1900 in trade catalogs. This broad manufacturing resulted in a loose interpretation of patent use. National Lockwasher owned a patent for split-ring spring-lock technology that was used by Garrett and took Garrett to court over patent misuse. The provision was that while the patent was licensed, no competing technology could be manufactured by the licensee. Garrett was found to have infringed the patent and the judgement was an $18,000 fine in 1943. This is well known to be one of the earliest federal court decisions to hold that it is patent misuse for a patentee to require licensees not to use a competitive technology, commonly known as "tie-outs."

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The IBEW is the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and represents approximately 775,000 active and retired members in both the US and Canada. Members can be in many fields of work, ranging from utilities, construction, telecommunications, broadcasting, manufacturing, railroads, and government. IBEW stands out in AFL-CIO because it is such a large member base which also covers many varied skilled occupations.

IBEW was founded in 1891 in Saint Louis, Missouri, two years before George Westinghouse lit up the Chicago World’s Columbian Exposition with AC current, leading to homes and businesses in the U.S to begin receiving electricity. IBEW 424 is the local chapter for Alberta, Canada.

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The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers is a union that operates in the United States and Canada and represents an estimated 750,000 members. The union is unique in that its members operate in a wide range of fields that deal with electrical work such as utilities, government, and railroad. The union's primary goal is to represent their members and bargain with their employers over wages, benefits, and rights. 

The local 380 chapter is located in Collegeville, Pennsylvania and represents approximately 773 members.

Blue illustration of fist holding lightning surrounded by red text on silver background.

The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers is a union which has approximately 775,000 members across the Americas. This union collectively bargains against employers for their members over wages, rights, and benefits. They are unique among unions as their members are found in a broad range of fields such as telecommunications, government, etc.

IBEW 150 is located Libertyville, IL and serves Lake Country. This branch was founded in 1914 and now includes over 1,200 members. Members in this location primarily work as residential wiremen, lightning rod installers, and telecommunication signmen.

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The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers was founded by Henry Miller in 1891 in the city of St. Louis. They celebrated their 92nd anniversary on November 28, 1983. IBEW 613 is located in Atlanta, Georgia and represents more than 5000 electrical workers. The Atlanta location is responsible for members in 59 countries and these members specialize in the construction and manufacturing industry.

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